This review paper describes a passive multidimensional optical sensing and imaging system (MOSIS), which can be used for 3-D visualization, seeing through obscurations, material inspection, 3-D endoscopy, and 3-D object recognition from microscales to long-range imaging. The system utilizes time and space multiplexing, polarimetric, temporal, photon flux, and multispectral information to reconstruct multidimensionally integrated scenes.